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iconv是一个字符集转换函数,原型为:
size_t iconv(iconv_t cd,
char **inbuf, size_t *inbytesleft,
char **outbuf, size_t *outbytesleft);
- // 传递给do_convert的in_buf,所有字节数(in_buf_size指定)都是可以转换成功的
- static int do_convert(iconv_t cd, const char* from, size_t from_size, std::string* to)
- {
- char* in_buf_ptr = const_castchar*>(from);
- size_t in_bytes_left = from_size;
- size_t out_bytes = in_bytes_left*3 + 1;
- size_t out_bytes_left = out_bytes;
- std::string out(out_bytes_left, '\0');
- char* out_buf_start = const_castchar*>(out.c_str());
- char* out_buf_ptr = out_buf_start;
-
- int bytes = iconv(cd, &in_buf_ptr, &in_bytes_left, &out_buf_ptr, &out_bytes_left);
- if (-1 == bytes)
- return errno;
-
- to->assign(out_buf_start, out_bytes-out_bytes_left);
- return 0;
- }
-
- // 可忽略不能转换的部分,
- // 也可以在结果中保留不能被转换的部分
- // 详细实现可以浏览:
- // https://github.com/eyjian/mooon/blob/master/common_library/src/utils/charset_utils.cpp
- void CCharsetUtils::convert(const std::string& from_charset, const std::string& to_charset,
- const std::string& from, std::string* to,
- bool ignore_error, bool skip_error) throw (CException)
- {
- std::string result; // 用来保存处理后的内容
- char* in_buf = const_castchar*>(from.c_str());
- size_t in_bytes = from.size(); // 需要处理的总字节数
- size_t in_bytes_left = in_bytes; // 剩余的未被处理的字节数
- iconv_t cd = iconv_open(to_charset.c_str(), from_charset.c_str());
-
- if ((iconv_t)(-1) == cd)
- {
- THROW_EXCEPTION(strerror(errno), errno);
- }
- while (in_bytes_left > 0)
- {
- int errcode;
- size_t out_bytes = in_bytes_left * 3 + 1; // 保证足够大
- size_t out_bytes_left = out_bytes;
- std::string out(out_bytes_left, '\0');
- char* out_buf = const_castchar*>(out.c_str());
- char* out_buf_start = out_buf;
- char* in_buf_start = in_buf;
-
- // 如果成功,返回值bytes为0
- // 如果成功,in_buf指向in的结尾符,即'\0',同时in_bytes_left值为0
- // 如果失败,in_buf指向未能转换的起始地址,而in_bytes_left值为剩余的未被转换的(可能含有可转换的)字节数
- // 如果成功,则out_bytes-out_bytes_left值为转换后的字节数
- // 如果成功,则out_buf_start存储了被转换后的结果,有效长度为out_bytes-out_bytes_left
- int bytes = iconv(cd, &in_buf, &in_bytes_left, &out_buf, &out_bytes_left);
- if (bytes != -1)
- {
- result.append(out_buf_start, out_bytes-out_bytes_left);
- break;
- }
- else if (!ignore_error)
- {
- errcode = errno;
- iconv_close(cd);
- THROW_EXCEPTION(strerror(errcode), errcode);
- }
- else
- {
- // EILSEQ An invalid multibyte sequence has been encountered in the input.
- // EINVAL An incomplete multibyte sequence has been encountered in the input.
- if ((errno != EINVAL) &&
- (errno != EILSEQ))
- {
- // E2BIG There is not sufficient room at *outbuf.
- errcode = errno;
- iconv_close(cd);
- THROW_EXCEPTION(strerror(errcode), errcode);
- }
- else
- {
- // in_buf之前部分是可以转换的
- if (in_buf != in_buf_start)
- {
- std::string str;
- errcode = do_convert(cd, in_buf_start, in_buf-in_buf_start, &str);
- if (errcode != 0)
- {
- iconv_close(cd);
- THROW_EXCEPTION(strerror(errcode), errcode);
- }
-
- result.append(str);
- }
-
- // skip_error决定未能被转换的是否出现在结果当中
- if (!skip_error)
- {
- result.append(in_buf, 1);
- }
-
- // 往前推进
- --in_bytes_left; // 将导致while语句结束
- ++in_buf;
- }
- }
- }
-
- if (-1 == iconv_close(cd))
- {
- THROW_EXCEPTION(strerror(errno), errno);
- }
-
- // 不能直接使用to,因为to可能就是from
- *to = result;
- }
-
- void CCharsetUtils::gbk_to_utf8(const std::string& from, std::string* to, bool ignore_error, bool skip_error) throw (CException)
- {
- convert("gbk", "utf-8", from, to, ignore_error, skip_error);
- }
-
- void CCharsetUtils::utf8_to_gbk(const std::string& from, std::string* to, bool ignore_error, bool skip_error) throw (CException)
- {
- convert("utf-8", "gbk", from, to, ignore_error, skip_error);
- }
-
- void CCharsetUtils::gb2312_to_utf8(const std::string& from, std::string* to, bool ignore_error, bool skip_error) throw (CException)
- {
- convert("gb2312", "utf-8", from, to, ignore_error, skip_error);
- }
-
- void CCharsetUtils::utf8_to_gb2312(const std::string& from, std::string* to, bool ignore_error, bool skip_error) throw (CException)
- {
- convert("utf-8", "gb2312", from, to, ignore_error, skip_error);
- }
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